Orthographical & Punctuation Advertisement Task

It has to be said, from flicking through various magazines I struggled to find any advertisements with punctuation or orthographical mistakes... I can only assume as these were high end magazines such tacky tactics of engaging a higher intelligence audience would have failed and perhaps had the opposite effect by deterring potential customers, after all, tacky advertisement equals tacky product.

Here are some examples of advertisements I found, one thing I have noticed is that playing around with capitalisation is quite common.

Context:Vogue Advertisement   Audience: Considerably wealthy women    Purpose: Persuade/Flatter

Whether capitalisation is a matter of style or grammar is arguable, I believe it to be, from a linguistic standpoint, style, as its subject to fashions and whims of certain ages in ways that many aspects of grammar, aren't. This therefore reflects the audience of the product (Red Lipstick) young-middle aged women as the confrontational atmosphere that capitalisation brings for a vibrant and youthful mood and perhaps, audience. Another aspect I find interesting, is that the word red has been replaced with the French translation, this I can only assume is the affect of pretentious writers seeking everyway possible to make every inch of their product luxurious as the readers, perhaps causing flattery in return. Using the mix between English and French adds to the profile of the moderately priced brand as it suggests intricacy making it fit more smoothly into the discourse structure of continuously extortionately priced luxurious designers page after page. I feel that the presence of much higher end product also using the tactic of "Rouge" confirms my suspicions of L'Oreal feeling the need to compete with Vogues high standards and norms.

Context:Vogue Article   Audience: Middle aged women    Purpose: Entertain

One spelling mistake that was purposefully used however was this articles title, suggesting Vogue and perhaps other high end magazines have formed an etiquette for orthographical errors, allowing such tactics leeway in terms of articles where skill of articulation throughout the piece rectifies any damage done . Needless to explore that the slang "kid" was misspelt "Kidd" as a result of the coincidence of the individuals last name being so. In terms of affect, I believe it gives the reader a mere smirk at best and although in no way does a writer have to be clever to come up with the pun (if you could even call it that) it gives the title a sense of charm especially accompanied with the pronoun "our" creating a semantic field of family which the reader, for this article, middle aged women would find endearing, stereotypically of course.

How do I think children learn language?

I believe language aquisition to be a cocktail of innate potential and environmental factors. I concur this from various case studies, that I believe to be the most important evidence in studying language aquisition  (as the same amount of generalisability can't be said for studies with pigeons). Genie, is an example of extreme environmental factors stunting growth verbally, although she did later learn a vast lexicon the part of the brain important for forming sentences had not been stimulated at the critical period  and consequently disconnected meaning genie would never reach the expected verbal ability of an individual that hadn't experienced trauma. This study suggests we are a born with innate ability to learn words, however this ability is highly potential based and after all language isn't just words, language is sentences and relies highly on an internal clock with biological programmed critical periods. 

A study that challenges this is the case of the Czech twins, of whom were locked in the basement of their home by their stepmother and subjected to emense traumar which stunted growth cognitively, lexically and physically. Another is the case study of the ukranian ferile child raised by dogs, who upon savour only growled and appeared to have no lexicon or ability of language at all. Despite these cases both went on to develop cognitively and achieve their full potential. This then suggests that environmental factors can be reversed and biological factors are more substantial. However it is to be noted that neither of the arguing cases were as extreme isolation as Genie and both the Czech twins and the Ukrainian dog child had been exposed to some form of language from social interaction before isolation, which may prove to be a contributing factor to their recovery.

Difference between descriptivism and prescriptvism

Presciptivism
Favour rules that identify "correct" language use, they disapprove of uses of language that break the traditional rules. Established in 18th century in efforts to standardise language.

Descriptivism
Seek to describe as accurately and objectively as possible, how language is actually used. They do not label particular uses of language correct or incorrect.

Documentary Analysis

The left part of the brain is for language, the front part for speaking and the back part is for understanding

language relies on many different cognitive processes

Language is  supposidly innate (enviromental factors can affect)

Animals cannot speak like humans due to their different anatomy

There is a gene which allows us to create words and sequences.

The brain and language are syncronised

Normal song was created by the finches despite never hearing it

Mills and Boon "Romance" (erotic) novel

The female gender is represented as clearly a stereotypical cliche of erotic novels although this isnt always seen as a sexist trend as its a womans erotic novel it's aimed at those with a certain influence of  dominating fetish not so much a social stamp of the worlds views of woman. This is clearly demonstrated by the use of actor and affected, the actor (male) doing to which he pleases the woman (affected) to give the image of control firmly fixated on the males part and the vunerable damsel in distress on the woman for example "they stared deep into her soul" shows the hierachy of power in terms of gender with the male clearly leaving the woman vunerable. This is peculiar as its accompanied by modern manipulation of roles, where as before these books would see a sucsessful man with a less so woman, the herorine in this extract is made out of a doctor- breaking free of previous cliches and shifting the balancing scales of representation of gender to  better women.

History Of The Internet

In 1969- 'CompuServe' was the first major internet service.
In 1971, the first e-mail was sent.
In 1978 the bulletin board system was invented and people sent messages over the internet.
In 1984 the Prodigy online service was introduced and allowed dial-up connections
In 1985 the AOL was created
In 1992 'Tripod' was opened for college students
In 1994 the BHI allowed people to create their own websites
In 1997 blogging began, the web had over a million sites and AOL started an instant messager chat
In 1998 'Google' became a major search engine
In 2003 Apple created iTunes and mySpace was created as a social networking site
In 2004 FaceBook was created for students at Harvard College, and mySpace was becoming the most popular social networking site
In 2005 YouTube was created for sharing videos, and FaceBook was introduced to different countries
In 2006 FaceBook overtook mySpace as most popular social networking site, and Google was the most used search engine
In 2007 Apple introduced the iPhone and microsoft bought a stake in FaceBook
In 2012 FaceBook had a billion users

Alliteration:

“Let us go forth to lead the land we love…”

“Pay any price, bear any burden…”

“its writ may run”

Anaphora:

“Let both sides…”

“To those old allies… To those new states... To those people…”

Anastrophe:

“Ask not”

“Dare not”

Antithesis:

“Ask not what you country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”

“Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.”

“We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom...”

“not because… not because… but because…”

“Not as a call to bear arms… not as a call to battle.., but a call to bear the

burden…””

Assonance:

“…the steady spread of the deadly atom.”

Consonance:

“whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall…”

Metaphor:

―And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion…‖

“the bonds of mass misery”

“the chains of poverty”

Parellelism:

Prepared by the Department of Education and Public Programs, John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum

“United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided

there is little we can do…”

Paradox:

“Only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt

that they will never be employed.”

Repetition:

“For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human

poverty and all forms of human life.”

Using Emotion-Arousing Words

freedom, liberty

Using Fear

“For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human

poverty and all forms of human life.”

“…its hour of maximum danger.”

Using References to the Past

“I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears

prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.”